The ‘Driving Disruption’, the latest report in the CDP’s investor research series looking at which automotive companies will seize the opportunities in a low-carbon economy.

The key findings are listed below:

• Auto sector facing double hit of disruption from electric vehicles (EVs) and autonomous and shared driving, with profits likely to shift to tech giants including Uber and Google;
• Zero emission and plug-in hybrid market worth a potential USD$1 trillion by 2030;
• Traditional auto companies have responded with innovation and invested more than USD$11 billion in autonomous and shared vehicle companies, including Lyft, in the last two years;
• Automotive companies could be hit by up to EUR€940 million in penalties due to missed emissions reduction targets and environmental regulation;
• BMW, Daimler and Toyota are the best performing companies on climate-related metrics, with Subaru, FCA and Suzuki ranking lowest.